HORMONES AND HIV/AIDS
The term ‘hormone’ broadly refers to any type of chemical messenger, but is most often used to denote
chemicals produced by the endocrine glands. Under production of endocrine hormones can contribute
to a wide variety of medical conditions. Diseases such as HIV that affects the whole body can interfere
with proper endocrine function, and hormones in turn can affect disease progression. According to
research done some aspect of HIV genome replication.
REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION
Reverse transcription and integration are the defining features of the retrovirus. The molecular
mechanisms responsible for the replication of HIV and related mammalian retroviruses and to
investigate the role of host proteins that block virus infestion.This study will help to identify new targets
for anti-HIV therapy and currently focused on several broad areas in interest. [1]Reverse transcription
and the role of the HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein in this process. [2] Molecular characterization, biological
activity, and structure of human defense proteins which are cytidine deaminizes that inhibit HIV-1
replication.
RNA/DNA hybrids
The research of the section on formation of RNA in the program on genomics of differentiation
investigates which are essential intermediates in the replication of HIV’s genuine. In addition to their
presence of HIV replication, RNA/DNA hybrids are omnipresent intermediates in normal DNA replication
and RNA synthesis but when mishandled can cause human diseases and disorders.
CD4 DOWN REGULATION
The molecular mechanisms by which transmembrane proteins are sorted to intracellular compartments.
The CD4 cells are white blood cells that play an important role in the immune system .A higher number
of CD4 cell indicates a stronger immune system. The CD4 cells of a person who does not have HIV can be
anything between 500 and 1500.People living with HIV who have a CD4 cell count over 500 are usually in
pretty good health. People living with HIV who have a CD4 cell count below 200 are at high risk of
developing serious illnesses.HIV treatment is recommended for all people living with HIV .It is especially
important for people with low CD4 counts.
If you have HIV do not take HIV treatment, your CD4 count will fall over time. The lower the CD4 cell
count, the greater the damage to the immune system and the greater the risk of illness. When you take
HIV treatment, your CD4 count should gradually increase. When you are taking HIV treatment, your viral
load is a more important indicator of your health and of your treatment than your CD4 cell. If you have
chosen not to start HIV treatment for the moment, then keeping an eye on CD4 count will help you and
your doctor assess how safe it is to continue without treatment.
chemicals produced by the endocrine glands. Under production of endocrine hormones can contribute
to a wide variety of medical conditions. Diseases such as HIV that affects the whole body can interfere
with proper endocrine function, and hormones in turn can affect disease progression. According to
research done some aspect of HIV genome replication.
REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION
Reverse transcription and integration are the defining features of the retrovirus. The molecular
mechanisms responsible for the replication of HIV and related mammalian retroviruses and to
investigate the role of host proteins that block virus infestion.This study will help to identify new targets
for anti-HIV therapy and currently focused on several broad areas in interest. [1]Reverse transcription
and the role of the HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein in this process. [2] Molecular characterization, biological
activity, and structure of human defense proteins which are cytidine deaminizes that inhibit HIV-1
replication.
RNA/DNA hybrids
The research of the section on formation of RNA in the program on genomics of differentiation
investigates which are essential intermediates in the replication of HIV’s genuine. In addition to their
presence of HIV replication, RNA/DNA hybrids are omnipresent intermediates in normal DNA replication
and RNA synthesis but when mishandled can cause human diseases and disorders.
CD4 DOWN REGULATION
The molecular mechanisms by which transmembrane proteins are sorted to intracellular compartments.
The CD4 cells are white blood cells that play an important role in the immune system .A higher number
of CD4 cell indicates a stronger immune system. The CD4 cells of a person who does not have HIV can be
anything between 500 and 1500.People living with HIV who have a CD4 cell count over 500 are usually in
pretty good health. People living with HIV who have a CD4 cell count below 200 are at high risk of
developing serious illnesses.HIV treatment is recommended for all people living with HIV .It is especially
important for people with low CD4 counts.
If you have HIV do not take HIV treatment, your CD4 count will fall over time. The lower the CD4 cell
count, the greater the damage to the immune system and the greater the risk of illness. When you take
HIV treatment, your CD4 count should gradually increase. When you are taking HIV treatment, your viral
load is a more important indicator of your health and of your treatment than your CD4 cell. If you have
chosen not to start HIV treatment for the moment, then keeping an eye on CD4 count will help you and
your doctor assess how safe it is to continue without treatment.
People should know about the the level of CD4 cell count in there body so as to have a healthy nation.
ReplyDeleteBecause hormones are involved in so many different bodily processes, it is no surprise that a systemic disease like HIV can affect endocrine function, and vice versa also sex hormone imbalances may be the most common endocrine disorders in HIV-positive people. Hypogonadism -- low testosterone in men and decreased levels of estrogen, progesterone, and/or testosterone in women -- can lead to a variety of symptoms including fatigue, anemia, depression, loss of libido, impaired sexual function, and decreased fertility. In women, altered sex hormone levels can cause disturbances in the menstrual cycle. Sex hormones also affect body composition, including the synthesis of muscle tissue and the relative distribution of muscle and fat. Both testosterone and estrogen protect the bones, and the risk of bone loss (osteopenia or osteoporosis) rises as levels of these hormones decrease with age. As people with HIV live longer due to effective antiretroviral therapy..#by zixky
ReplyDeleteFar few people with HIV get opportunistic infection these days now that effective antiretroviral therapy (ART)is available and fewer people experience the hormone changes that can occur as a result of those infection
ReplyDeleteStudies have shown that HIV can affect the body's ability to make hormones and keep healthy hormone levels ie Estrogen and progesterone: female sex hormones that are made in the ovaries..BENSON WANJOHI
ReplyDeleteHIV infection has associated with sexual dysfunction,
ReplyDeleteMetabolic alteration, nerve damage and hormone
Level abnormalities.
HIV drugs that are used to treat related conditions
can also affect hormones level and also reducing
semen qualities.
Providing hormone therapy alongside HIV care
can help people stay in hiv care take their drugs
on time and maintain lower viral loads.
The big problem is inadequacy in civic education about this thing...I think its a handful of people who knows of CD4...hence a little had for to expect people to knows of their levels of CD4 and wherevers ..at the end of it, its a bit hard to tell people how to live as the don't knows the potential risks the are in.
ReplyDeleteTo the author of this article I think it could have been better if you justified your document in terms of paragraphs for us to easily go through it and get the whole point.
Naomi
It's a mere truth that HIV affects the body's ability to make hormones and keeping healthy hormones .
ReplyDeleteBy Pauline mbithe
People with HIV who have low CD4 counts, life-threatening infections and who have experienced severe weight loss are more likely to have seriously low hormone levels. For people who are in the earlier stages of HIV infection, changes in hormone levels may be less pronounced but can still cause troubling symptoms.
ReplyDeleteA HIV negative person has a CD 4 count of above 200, this means he/she has a strong immune system.
ReplyDeleteSince HIV can affect the body's ability to make hormones such as testosterone, estrogen and progesterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) it might result to early menopause for women and even difficulties in getting pregnant.ARVs and drugs used treat HIV-related conditions can also affect hormone levels thus reducing their effectiveness.
ReplyDeletePeople living with HIV have low levels of certain hormones most commonly testosterone thyroid and DHEA that leads to production of androgen(male)estrogen (female) sex hormones. HIV affects hormonal system and change frequency of period. This occurs if you have low CD4 cellcount/high viral load causing ladies to have long intervals between periods.
ReplyDeleteBeing infected by HIV mostly reduces the level of hormones in ones body. By; Samia
ReplyDeleteWhen one is infected with HIV your body becomes week and you easly contract alot disease so you should start medication as soon as possible
ReplyDeleteA healthy HIV person should have above 500 number of CD4 cells, if u have less than 200 cd4 cells then it means u are at high risk of getting serious illness
ReplyDeleteHIV affects the CD4 cells and without the use of appropriate medication it lowers the hormonal functioning in the body of the affected person thereby leading to weak immune system...........by immaculate
ReplyDeletedespite that hormones play some roles in the body,when one is infected, the virus always targets the main cells and destroys them and in the process of destroying them they affect the the hormones.BY FAITH
ReplyDeleteWhen HIv infects a CD4 cells,it infers with the genetic tools within the cell to manufacture new HIV. The newly formed Hiv virus leaves the cell ,destroying the CD4 cell in the process,so i think people should know the level of their CD4 cells and the regular functioning of their hormones by christine
ReplyDeleteFor our Nation to be on a better place people should know the level of CD4 cell count in their body. when HIV affects CD4 cell it weekenss the hormones hence lowering the immune system of an individual..victor mutuku
ReplyDeleteHave learnt that if you're HIV infected and you do not take your treatment your CD4 cell count will fall over time and thus there will be a greater risk of illness. And when you take your HIV treatment your CD4 will gradually increase.
ReplyDeleteFew have really understood the concept of CD4 cells hence reaching out about since they show great importance in fighting the virus . .People should be taught about it in relation to the ARVs and how it increases your chances at a healthy life once more
ReplyDeleteKaisy
The CD4 cell are white blood cell and they play an important role in immune system. The higher they are in the body the strong the immune system hence prevent the body from getting diseases ..by Rahma
ReplyDeleteSome people living with HIV may have low levels of certain hormones—most commonly, testosterone, thyroid hormones and DHEA (a hormone that leads to the production of androgen and estrogen, male and female sex hormones).
ReplyDeleteThis is whereby some women at risk may expose themselves to unprotected sex while they are hormonal contraceptives.
ReplyDeleteThe less the CD4 cell in your body the more your body will become weak...n can't fight other diseases hence your body will became very weak..zamzam
ReplyDeleteHiv may affect your hormonal system you may be experience menstrual changes especially if you have a low CD4 cell count or a high viral load missed period with out pregnancy.by Zahra
ReplyDeletesome drugs are used to treat HIV related conditions that also affect the hormone levels this include cytovene,megace and nixoral.experts belive that hormones are also coonected to wasting liodystrophy a group of fat related body changes that appear in some people living with HIV and AIDS.
ReplyDeleteANN NDUTA
When the CD4 cells are lower than 200 then the person i at high risk of getting the virus and it will lead to illness
ReplyDeleteBecause hormones are involved in so many different bodily processes, it is no surprise that a systemic disease like HIV can affect endocrine function, and vice versa also sex hormone imbalances may be the most common endocrine disorders in HIV-positive people. Hypogonadism -- low testosterone in men and decreased levels of estrogen, progesterone, and/or testosterone in women -- can lead to a variety of symptoms including fatigue, anemia, depression, loss of libido, impaired sexual function, and decreased fertility. In women, altered sex hormone levels can cause disturbances in the menstrual cycle. Sex hormones also affect body composition, including the synthesis of muscle tissue and the relative distribution of muscle and fat. Both testosterone and estrogen protect the bones, and the risk of bone loss (osteopenia or osteoporosis) rises as levels of these hormones decrease with age. As people with HIV live longer due to effective antiretroviral therapy.
ReplyDeleteHiv affects harmonal system and change frequency of periods.This occurs if you have low cd4 cell count/high viral load causing ladies to have long intervals between periods. Irene Muthoni
ReplyDeleteDiseases such as HIV affect the whole body and can interefere with hormones and affect disease progression.
ReplyDeleteThe lower the CD4count the greater the damage in the body
Hellen
Hormones are ealsy affected by the virus
ReplyDeleteWhen one is said to be HIV positive, he /she needs to take treatment seriously because when the cd4 cells fall after some time the immune system of the infected person will be poor hence contracting of ither diseases easily.
ReplyDeleteThem that are HIV positive, should go to hospitals and check the levels hormones in their bodies so as to get the right treatment
ReplyDeletePeople should know the number of CD4 cells in order to know the risk at which they are at.Negative people have a CD4 cell of 200
ReplyDeleteHIV infection has associated with sexual dysfunction,
ReplyDeleteMetabolic alteration, nerve damage and hormone Level abnormalities.HIV drugs that are used to treat related conditions can also affect hormones level and also reducing semen qualities.providing hormone therapy alongside HIV care can help people stay in hiv care take their drugs
on time and maintain lower viral loads.
Hiv affects harmonal system and change frequency of periods.This occurs if you have low cd4 cell count/high viral load causing ladies to have long intervals between periods.
ReplyDeleteHiv infection leads to damage of the nerves and hormone arbnom
ReplyDeleteArbnomalities
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