THE GENETIC OF HIV

     THE GENETICS OF HIV
                    The HIV Genome
    The genome of HIV is a meager gene content which is enough to direct all aspects of the HIV structure and functions.The genome contains three major structural genes called GAG, ENV and POL.
    GAG provides the code for the building blocks of
 p17(matrix protein )and p24 (capsid shell).
    ENV provides the code for the two envelopes, glycoproteins, gp120 andandand Andy gp41.
    The POL gene provides the code for three enzymes: reverse transcriptase which helps to transcribe RNA into DNA, protease which cleans viral polypeptide chains into usable proteins and integrase which facilitates the insertion of the viral DNA into the host DNA.
    The genome further contains six other genes.These smaller genes code for proteins that regulate HIV replication.
    Both ends of the HIV genome are "capped" with a smaller sequence of nucleotides called Kong Terminal Repeats (LTRs ).The LTRs contains sequence that enhances the replication of new viruses.
                         

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